MONTREAL'S OLYMPIC PARK

                                  A Great Place to Spend the Day

We needed to venture out on the Metro the day we spent at Olympic Park. In Montreal, Canada the subway system is very easy to navigate. The trains are fast, frequent and efficient. We used the system several times, transferring occasionally from one line to another with no problems. We left early as we wanted to be at Olympic Park when it opened. 

The park was created for the 1976 Olympics. I knew this visit would occupy most of the day, and knew what I wanted to see. We bought our combination tickets and because of poor visibility decided to visit the Biodome first, leaving the observation tower till later in the day.

A Biodome derives its name from the Greek bio meaning life and domos meaning house, thus a life house.  The Montreal Biodome  sprawls over 10,000 square meters and includes four of the most striking natural environments of North and South America. The rain forest is filled with high humid heat, screeching birds and chattering monkeys. The Laurentian Forest surrounds a huge beaver dam. The centerpiece of the St. Lawrence Marine Ecosystem is a massive tank filled with cod, halibut, striped bass and sharks. The Arctic and Antarctic Polar Worlds, where there is as few as 6 hours of sunshine in June and up to 20 hours in December, is inhabited by four species of penguins. You move from one ecosystem temperature to another via laser-prompted glass doors.

At the Biodome I remarked, “This is the strangest structure. Any biosphere I’ve been in has been a geometric design.”  Later we were to learn that the biodome was the Olympic bike race stadium. Created in 1992, with some controversy, it is shaped like a bike helmet and  has turned out to be a major tourist attraction.  

We started out in the lush, humid tropical rain forest. It was not as humid as the Eden dome in England that was so hot and humid you could see steam. We slowly strolled through the forest stopping often to watch animals and birds. When we exited we could not believe that we had spent a little over an hour!  We saw a capybara where my friend explained, “This is the largest rodent in the world. Look how long his face is. I wish he’d get in the water.” He was nearly the size of a small pig!

 We enjoyed watching spoonbills, bright scarlet ibis and a pair of gorgeous scarlet macaws. A pair of green macaws were preening each other. We watched frogs hop about and caimans sleeping. There were several small black monkeys, called a callimyco, playing in the trees. We learned they are fruit and insect eaters and are expert jumpers.

I have visited several similar exhibits but this was my friend’s first and she was amazed saying, “This exhibit is great. I’ve never seen anything like this and is not at all like I expected. I’m so glad you wanted to come.”

In a dark aquarium we saw lots of fish, piranhas, and a giant colossuma. We spent a lot of time watching several golden lion tamarins—small monkeys from South America.

Leaving the tropical rain forest we moved into the Laurentian Forest where we watched otters playing near a beaver dam, lots of ducks and frogs. A porcupine was in clear view perched in a tree. A pair of small lynx peeked from behind some rocks.

A special exhibit housed several ring-tailed lemurs from Madagascar. They were playful and a lot of fun to watch. We had a lengthy conversation with the guide stationed inside this exhibit.

In the polar region we sat on a bench and watched four species of penguins play and swim about. Many little puffins, with their bright orange webbed feet and orange bills, were preening and drying their wings. Or were they just posing for photographs. Sometimes it makes you wonder!

We spent only minimal time in the St. Lawrence River ecology exhibit. By the time we finished the biodome it was well past lunchtime. We rested during lunch before going back outside to ride to the top of the observation tower. The sky had cleared and we had wonderful views of the park. It was here we had a good look down on the bike helmet where we’d spent so much time. The afternoon warmed so we could really enjoy the lovely large park and gardens

We had such a wonderful time in the biodome that we returned at the end of the day, just before getting the train, for another, albeit shorter, walk-through.   It was a delightful day—one I’d recommend to anyone visiting Montreal.

BELGIUM WAFFLES

                                                A Yummy Treat

            The waffle is a Belgian culinary specialty. Each part of the country has its own recipe, even if the main ingredients (flour, milk, sugar and eggs) are the same. The recipes are handed down from one generation to the next.  Brussels waffles are big, rectangular (circular in the US) very light and are always eaten warm with toppings.

have been around since the Middle Ages. Initially, made from a mix of barley and oats, they were sold as unleavened crisp cakes baked in a wafer iron. Waffle vendors were allowed to sell waffles outside of churches during special celebrations and on feast days of saints.

            Originally waffles were showcased in 1958 at Expo 58. Belgian waffles had their American   debut at the Century 21 Exposition in 1962 in Seattle,Washington. Waffles were further popularized in the United  States during the 1964 New York World's Fair. Maurice Vermersch, of Brussels, Belgium, introduced the waffle as Brussels waffles, but decided to change the name to Belgium waffles upon observing the poor geographical skills of Americans.

Nothing more needs to be said

      The Belgian waffle is identified by its larger size, lighter batter and higher grid pattern which form deep pockets creating larger squares than other waffles. In Belgium, there are several types of waffles, including the Brussels waffle, the Liege waffle   and the stroopwafel. What is known in North America as the "Belgian waffle" is most similar to the Brussels waffle. The Belgian waffle attributes its height to the use of a  yeast  batter instead of a pancake one.  In North America, they are often eaten as a breakfast  food, and are usually served with butter and syrup or with vanilla ice cream and fresh fruit, such as strawberries, as a dessert. In Belgium they are more commonly served as a snack or light dessert.

            Liege's waffles are sweet sugar snacks which can be eaten lukewarm all day long, without or with toppings. They are denser, chewier, sweeter, and richer than the Belgium waffle. They were made in the 18th century by the Chef of the Prince-Bishop of Liege. The Liege waffle was adapted from brioche bread dough. Surprisingly, Liege waffles are the most common type of waffles available in Belgium and come in three different flavors – plain, vanilla, and cinnamon.

            In Bruges people are seen walking along the street enjoying a waffle---more like we’d enjoy an ice cream cone. It seems we chose to indulge rather late in the day, and after walking for hours along the lovely city we elected to sit awhile to leisurely eat our waffle. I also really like the wafer-thin stroopwafel and managed to get a couple of packages home to share with friends.

COVENT GARDENS

                                                   A Fun Place to Visit

            Covent Garden was the next stop on our London agenda. How lucky can I be-- Monday was antique day!  I found a couple of treasures I just couldn't do without!

Originally the area began as a garden market for the Westminster Abby monks. It grew into the largest wholesale produce market in England. A part of Covent Gardens still has cobblestone and old brick roads, now pedestrian walkways. The bricks laid to mark off the old stalls are still visible. It was easy to imagine what the area might have been in past years. 

The wooden stalls have been passed down from generation to generation. Super markets exist of course, but Londoners still depend on the markets for their groceries as well as a bit of gossip.

During the day thousands of traders with their lorries would crowd the six-acre square. In 1974 the market was shut down and moved across the river and the new festive, lively Covent Garden Market built in its place has become a rag to riches transformation. One can browse the many antique and boutique shops or lunch in one of the outdoor  cafés.  The market’s long buildings are now divided into sections marked Jubilee, Apple, North Market etc.

I remarked to my friend, “Obviously this is a big tourist attraction so I doubt that we’ll find any bargains.” But I was wrong.

London’s shopkeeper  reputation for disinterested service is a contrast to the street vendors' constant banter. Originally the cockney rhyme was a secret street language used to confuse police and it still is heard in the markets. However, I do find it difficult to understand. The city of London has been known as a city of markets ever since the first century when the Romans established a trading post they called Londoninium, a Celtic word meaning pool by hill.

We wandered in and out of many of the small shops, watched a mime and listened to some chamber music being played in the court area. It was great fun.  No trip to London would be complete without at one visit here.

THE LAST HALF OF THE COPPER CANYON

The Long Half of the Train Ride

We found a nice ¼ mile path through the woods which led to the canyon rim and the Barrancos Rim Hotel. The lobby and bar of the hotel actually is built out over the canyon rim. We bought a coke and marveled at the scenery as we quenched our thirst. What an awesome sight. It was gorgeous. Wow, it was a long way down to the bottom! The canyon is mountainous with deep gorges and lots of vegetation.

I told my friend, “I am a bit disappointed, as my perception was that you could see the canyon all the way on the train and you can’t.”

“Actually until now we’ve seen very little of the canyon. But this is beautiful! There’s no way a camera can capture this. I’m going to use my panoramic, but I still don’t think it will do the canyon justice.”

We headed for a path leading down into the canyon. Our destination was some Tarahumara Indian caves. It was a fairly easy hike, but we were about 7335-feet above sea level and the air was a little thin. The Tarahumara are known to be great runners.

Geologically speaking the Barrancas are young. They started to take shape 90 million years ago.  Between 40-80 million years ago major mountain ranges were forming along the entire west coast of North and South America because of plate tectonics. Millions of years of erosion shaped the volcanic plateaus into spectacular canyons. Finally the granites that had not seen the light of day for 90 million years began to reach the surface.

            For the past 5 million years the Sea of Cortez has been widening with each shift of the land. Earthquakes rock the southwest coast of North America along the San Andreas Fault System quite frequently. The Barrancas continue to deepen as the volcanic tuff that makes the canyons walls slowly erode to the sea.

The Barrancas are amazing natural geological wonders of Mexico. They are the result of volcanic eruptions thousands of times greater than the 1980 eruption of Mt. St. Helens in the United States. The rocks are igneous unlike the sedimentary rocks of the Grand Canyon. And they are younger, a mere 25 million years compared to the several hundred million year old rocks of the Grand Canyon. The Barrancas are actually seven canyons with the deepest being nearly 1000 meters deeper than the deepest part of the Grand Canyon. Each is an awesome work of nature!

Before dinner we indulged in drinking margaritas and enjoying the quiet and beautiful scenery of this place in the middle of nowhere. The few trucks moving around left a lot of dust behind them, as the area is very dry.

The train was not due until 1:30 PM the next day.  After breakfast we again walked over to the rim to watch some pretty basic Indian dancing and some of their games. Later we took a short, dusty bus ride/tour seeing another hotel, a school, a church, and a spectacular overlook. Then we continued on to Diversardo where an observation deck offered a spectacular view of Arroyo Ojo de la Barranca where it is 4135’ down to the Rio Urique. The narrow ridge/plateau in this part of the canyon does not lend itself to much development. There is a small airstrip on top of the mesa.    The scenery was gorgeous in this untamed and rural area. 

There was a lot of confusion when boarding the train for the last half of the trip to Chihuahua, but I had the paid tickets in my pocket so we boarded and figured we straighten out any problems after the train was on its way. This conductor spoke a lot less English but there were no problems.

We descended through  pine forest. At El Lazo (knot) Bridge the train crosses over its own track to form a complete loop. The loop is necessary to start losing altitude. Los Ojitos at 8071’ is the highest point above sea level.

Creel ,founded in 1907and at 7735’,  is the heart of the Tarahumara homeland and gateway to Sierra Tarahumara.

Once again the loud speaker came on and we made out, “The steepest grade of track is from Bocoyna to Sanchez. It is a 2.5% grade. Bocoyna, at 7585’, was founded in 1702 by missionaries. The name  means pine forest in Tarahumara. The twin tower church in town is well known. East of the train the mesas rise from 8250-8910’.”

We also learned San Juancito at 8000’ was established in 1906 with the coming of the railroad. We could see a large sawmill. It is a main lumber center and is one of the coldest parts of the state of Chihuahua.

Terrero was a village of white plaster adobe buildings. It is a ranching and horse breeding area. Slowly the pine trees gave way to cottonwoods, then juniper and oaks. Again the loud speaker informed us, “Franciscan missionaries established Santa Isabela in 1668.”

And the final message was, “Palomas is a village with rock quarries. The tuff-like rock is called cantera. Many of the buildings in Chihuahua are made of this stone. From here on to Chihuahua is agricultural land as it is a very fertile valley. Mennonites from Canada have cultivated the area for over 40 years. You will see many apple and peach trees.”

It was a rather long uninteresting ride and when we finally reached Chihuahua at 9:30PM we both were ready to disembark.

THE COPPER CANYON

                                The First Leg of the Canyon

The conductor spoke good English and helped us find our air-conditioned car. We had been cautioned by several people not to buy food on the train so we stocked up on snacks to hold us for the morning until we reached the Barrancos.

The loud speaker informed us that  the longest bridge, 1636.8 feet long,, on the railroad was  at El Fuerte.  Of the 85 tunnels the longest, 5966 feet, is also there. It is the first or the last tunnel, depending on which direction you are travelling.  The train ride that day to Posada Barrancos was about five hours. We passed over many bridges; the highest is Bridge Chinipas at 340 feet above the river. We crossed over the Simaloa/Chiahuahua state border. We passed many fig, papaya, mango, and avocado trees and poinsettias that were big as a fair size bush.

The loud speaker told us, “Estacion Temoris, a city founded by Jesuits in 1677 is at 3365 feet. The Temori were a Native American tribe. In November 1961 there was a celebration here for the completion of the railroad. A marker made of 22-foot long rails with letters two feet  high marks the spot.  Loops and curves take us down three levels into the Santa Barbara Canyon.”

He added, “Legend says that a cure for leprosy was found here by the Temori Tribe. It seems a captain had taken to drinking sotol, a kind of alcohol, and fell asleep in a drunken stupor. While he slept a spider fell in his sotol and drowned. When the captain awoke he never noticed the spider and continued to drink. Several days later he noticed some improvement in his condition and then noticed the spider. He trapped other spiders and after awhile he was cured. The Temori never revealed to the Spanish what kind of spider it was and the tribe died taking their secret with them.”

Tunnel La Pera makes a 180 degree turn inside a mountain and also drops 180 feet from the entrance to the exit. Cerocahui is a Tarahumara word for enemy hill. Father Salvatierra established a mission there in 1681. A spectacular view of the Urique Canyon can be seen from there.

The last information that day from the loud speaker was, “We will soon be coming up on the ancient native American village of Chiteco, meaning neck shaped hill, which was established as a mission in 1684 by Jesuit missionaries. Old Chiteco is a beautiful old colonial Spanish town some distance away. New Chiteco was built to house the railroad workers. This area produces many apples.”

We left the train at Posada Barrancos in the early afternoon and headed to our hotel.We checked into our hotel with no problem except for paying for the room again. There were no restaurants at the Barrancos so meals were included in your room fee. After leaving our luggage the first order of business was lunch

 After a pleasant leisurely lunch we walked around the grounds and watched a couple of Tarahumara women weave baskets. The baskets were beautiful and came in all sizes. Our only problem was how to get them home---but we managed!

Next time all about the Barrancas.

THE BEST LAID PLANS

              Unexpected Surprise 

When I agreed to accompany my friend to the Sea of Cortez I did have one condition:  we return via the Copper Canyon Railroad instead of flying home. We flew from LaPaz across the Sea of Cortez to Los Mochias, Mexico. Some literature we had picked up told us Los Mochias is a melting pot for Indian, Mexican, Chinese, Japanese, and Americans. A prosperous agricultural area, 40% of the population is involved in farming. Two million tons of sugar is processed here from sugar cane each year. The area is the number one producer of wheat and rice in Mexico.

I had made all the return trip arrangements through an allegedly reputable travel company in San Antonio. We picked up a cab outside the airport for the two and half-hour drive to El Fuerte.

When we checked in at the El Fuerte Lodge where we had vouchers we learned the fellow  in San Antonio has not paid any of our bills and our vouchers all along the way  were void.

            Shocked I responded, “You’re kidding, right?”

            “No, I’m afraid not. That fellow is a crook. He has changed the name of his company several times and is well known in these parts. You’re not the first to be taken. I can get you a hotel room here. That is no problem, and I can secure train tickets for tomorrow. Give me the rest of your vouchers and I’ll send faxes to the hotels ahead to make sure you’ll have a room, but you’ll have to pay each time you check in.”

            Well, there’s a first time for everything. The fellow in El Fuerte happened to be an American who had lived there for a couple of decades so language was no problem. He was super nice and most accommodating to a couple of little old ladies—well not really little or old. He accepted a check for the hotel, meals and train tickets.

            The hotel was lovely and the city is a picturesque old colonial one. It was a holiday of some sort so we watched a parade and some street performers and dancers before heading off on a short hike up to the old fort.

The city was established as a fort in the late 1500’s to protect the colonists from native North American attacks. Lake Miguel del Hidalgo is a man-made lake 15 ½  X 6 miles. The dam, built in 1956, was expanded in 1963. The lake holds 350 million cubic meters of water and houses a hydroelectric plant which generates 270 million kilowatts of electricity a year. The view from the old fort showed us the river and lake below. A slight breeze made the temperature comfortable and pleasant as we looked down on the quaint city below.

The next day, after an early breakfast, we walked to the train station to board the train at 7:30 AM. We were on our way.

Next time the journey.

MY 9/11 STORY

Getting Home After 9/11

      I’m sure you've heard many 9/11 stories and of course I have one also. My son and I unknowingly started the trek on the old Inca road on that frightful day. It would be three days before we’d even learn about the towers. Since this was the purpose of our trip. I often wondered what we might have done if we had known before starting the trail. Of course at that point all air traffic was halted so we might as well have gone ahead with our plans, as the saying goes we would have been stranded.

     But we did not know until we arrived at Machu Picchu. We continued with our plans to go on to Puno, Peru to visit Lake Titicaca and the Eros people. My son felt he should get home and back to work so we decided after that to cut the trip short by a couple of days, bypass La Paz, Bolivia and fly home.

   In Puno, the guide took me to a travel agent who managed to get flight tickets to Lima. If we could get to Lima we could use our original tickets to get home. We tried to keep our minds on the trip but we became concerned the day before we were to leave Puno as all transportation was threatening a strike. If that happened it would mean no cab, train, or bus service. Not sure about the flights but the airport was a good distance away and we had to get there.

    There is no point in worrying about things you have no control over so we went to bed and slept well, B U T was I happy to wake to the sound of horns honking! Cabs were running so differences obviously had been settled.

    Arriving in Lima we found airport security extremely tight and the airport crowded. I wove my way through the mob of people looking for an English speaking employee. I finally found an attendant I could communicate with and he took me directly to the Continental counter. The gal there couldn’t have been more pleasant or helpful. She managed to get us on the same flight but two days early. She made a tough situation easy, and believe me I’ll not forget her kindness.

    Like everyone else I’ll always remember where I was on that frightful day. There is no place like the US and it was good to be home.

TRAVEL MEMENTOS

                                     Key Ring to Wreath Ornament

       Everyone wants to bring home a memento from their trip, but as I got older and traveled more I developed a real jaundiced eye for where I spent my money: where would I put it; what would I do with it; use it; ever look at it again?

        Except for a very narrow space around a hall closet where I hung small oils or prints of memorable churches I simply ran out  out of wall space. When the churches ran down below level even that had to stop.

        After buying a shot glass at Balmoral Castle and  one from Cuba they became the main post for a rather extensive collection.Three times I had a local wood working shop make me a case to hold 24-30 glasses to fit in various office wall spaces.Twice a year on a dull rainy day it is fun to dust that collection and remember many fun and interesting places.

           I don't clothes or shoe shop, but I do sometimes do a little Christmas shopping for friends and family. I also buy unique ear rings, not expensive jewelry that can be bought anywhere. My unique ear rings are never seen on anyone else.

           But my favorite item to look for and buy is a key ring specific to where I am visiting.When I get home the ring is removed and is replaced with a gold string. Then it is hung on my Christmas wreath. During the year the wreath hangs on the back wall of a closet where it is always ready for a new ornament. On Thanksgiving the wreath moves to the front foyer by the front door  where I enjoy it until late January.

           All my treasures are easily packed in my 22-inch roll-on and arrive home safely with no fuss.

           Perhaps these ideas will give you inspiration for your own unique collections.

NUREMBERG, GERMANY

                            An Interesting City

We arrived in Nuremberg on a Sunday, and in Germany Sunday is a family day, no question about it.  The shops were closed. However a local city guide showed us the important sites.

The medieval foundation was built on Roman ruins. Nuremberg means stony hill and the first settlement was built on a hill. The first documents in 1050 mentioned when a slave was freed. That was unusual as most documents then referred to trade or war. The medieval trade route was lost when a sea route developed, and the city became part of Bavaria under Napoleon.

Nuremberg is the second largest city in Bavaria and capitol of Franconia. The 16^th century zigzag fortification walls were designed by an Italian architect. By the 19^th century the entire city was still behind the city walls. In January 1945, 525 British Lancaster bombers bombed the city, so much of the city’s medieval splendor was lost in the ashes of WW II. Dresden is the only city that received more war devastation.

 For years the city’s name conjured up a recollection of the infamous Nuremberg war trials. That is now soft-pedaled as the city has many other things to offer. However, our first stop was the Party Rally Grounds of the Nazi Third Reich 

The 11 square kilometer grounds were built between 1933-38 for the Nazi conventions held each September. The convention center resembles the Roman Coliseum, which is no coincidence. Built between 1935-42 it is 40 meters high, but was never finished to its intended 60 meters. Besides being built to impress, it also was built to seat 50,000 people. Hitler intended the granite-fronted building to be a monument forever. Located next to a lake, the center’s reflection gives the impression it’s even larger. At the time these grounds were built unemployment in Germany was 33%, and it gave many people a job.

The field was meant to accommodate 100,000 spectators and 70,000 participants. A huge golden swastika was removed from the lecture area by the allies. Pillars were also removed, possibly because they also had swastika imprints on them. The whole Nazi movement was a combination of fascination and violence. The SS barracks were occupied by American soldiers and new refugees from 1945-92.

Nuremberg was a rich important city because it was an important trade route, and it was close to the Emperor who held his first diet (imperial meetings) here. Today the city has a full democratic council. Nuremberg, an industrial town, is known for its toys, and many other handcrafts with excellent workmanship.

As we traveled the city I noted a marked contrast as the architecture changed from modern boxy construction to old medieval buildings. It was almost like a curtain had been dropped in some areas.

The Imperial Castle (Kaiserburg) was the residence of German kings and emperors. We walked up a cobbled incline to the entrance where we stopped while our guide explained, “An enemy had to climb this ascending wooden bridge that made it hard to run, but if he was successful, he immediately ran into a stone wall here. The ascending walk inside made it easy for the inhabitants to roll a burning fireball down on to the enemy, and if that failed there were holes in the ceiling where hot oil could be poured on the trespassers below. But as far as we know none of these things were ever put to use.”

The tower dates to the 11^th century. The inner court contained a deep well, which was guarded. The moat was dry. At the end of the courtyard was a Roman chapel with only one seat---for the emperor.    

  We ended our city tour at Marketsquare that houses the 60-foot high, 1370s stone pyramid fountain where thirty figures are arranged in four tiers. The ironsmith who made the wrought iron fence surrounding the fountain had an apprentice who fell in love with a nobleman’s daughter. Naturally the dad objected to the match. One evening the apprentice disappeared never to be heard from again, but he left a golden journeyman’s ring on the fence. It is said that if one turns the ring it will bring good luck. Because the ring had to be replaced frequently it now is no longer gold.

The churches were all having services so we could only view the facades. The center of the square was covered with several hundred green rabbits—a modern art exhibit.  It was different but at the same time kind of quaint.

This trip to Europe was made during the big heat wave that blanketed the continent. It was hot, hot, hot so we were happy to make it back to the boat to enjoy the air conditioning!

LOOKING FOR DOLPHINS

Bottlenose Dolphins

            Each day in Belize we went looking for dolphin in different locations. Our team was lucky as we found these beautiful creatures every day!  We used a 23-foot boat with a 75 horse power outboard engine and took turns documenting various data.

            When we spotted dolphins we counted the number of animals and the composition of the pod as well as their behavior. We followed them as long as possible noting the beginning and ending times of the sighting. Dolphins are identified by their dorsal fin. In the evening we had a chance to help identify various dolphins---not an easy task!

Because there are no year-round residents at Turneffe Atoll the human impact on the ecosystem and dolphin is minimal. The government owns a few small fishing camps on the atoll which are leased to licensed fishermen who fish mostly for lobster, conch, snapper, grouper, and barracuda. Gill netting and purse-seining are illegal in Belize, so all fishing is small scale.

The mangroves serve as nurseries for baby fish and invertebrates. They are a nutrient source for the sea grass beds which trap sediments from the mangroves. Clear water is essential for the health of the reef. Corals need light to grow and the reef is home to a multitude of fish.

Bottlenose dolphins inhabit temperate and tropical waters throughout the world. There appear to be two ecotypes: an off shore and a coastal form. They can be identified by skull and teeth structure and by blood characteristics.

            Coastal bottlenose dolphins vary in group size ranging from one individual to 30 animals. These animals stay within a limited home range although they may migrate hundreds of miles. The home range of coastal populations may overlap. The offshore ecotype can be observed in larger groups. Atlantic bottlenose dolphins are generally 6-9 feet long and weigh between 136-272 kilograms. They receive their name from their bottle-shaped beak. Their body resembles a torpedo. The coloration ranges from gray to almost black. In warmer climates they exhibit a pink belly when engaged in rigorous activity as a way of releasing heat.

Males reach sexual maturity between 10-12 years; females at 5-12 years. Gestation is 11-12 months and calves nurse 12-18 months.  Females give birth to a single calf. Long term studies show that their lifespan can be 40-50 years. Age is determined by growth layers in a dolphin’s tooth. (Similar to counting the rings on a tree) Bottlenose dolphins are active predators that feed on a wide variety of fish and invertebrates.  In many areas they have adapted their feeding habits to coincide with human activities. They are often seen feeding behind fishing boats and shrimp trawlers. At Turneffe the main activity is lobster and conch fishing.

Bottlenose dolphins are often seen bow riding and body surfing and this may be a means of reducing energy expenditure by allowing the wave motion to carry them forward. However, they also will surf on a wave that takes them in the opposite direction of movement and may suggest that this is a form of play behavior.

Dolphins are highly social and are usually seen in schools.  It has been suggested that learning within the social unit is important and that school behavior is a major component of the animal’s daily activity regime.

Dolphins are mammals and must breath to survive. Unlike most mammals they have no hair but an insulating layer of fat to maintain a constant body temperature of 97-99 degrees. The porpoise is a close relative of the dolphin, but has a blunt snout and a stockier build, not quite as sleek 

This was my first research trip and whetted my appetite to do several other such projects. It was a  fun, learning and active vacation!

AN ALMOST NON LUNCH

 

                       An Open Restaurant  a Welcome Site

          Our Bordeaux city walking tour was a long one,  not ending until close to the end of the lunch hour. Ending at a large square we took a little extra time to study the huge fountain and then to buy a few post cards from a kiosk before heading off to find a restaurant for lunch.

            The city is full of cobbled alleys and sidewalk cafés. We were to learn that most shops close for the lunch hour and the cafés are full of people enjoying food and conversation. As time passed we also learned that by 2:30 PM most cafés close and even the tables and chairs are taken inside. This was beginning to be a problem for four rather hungry gals who were looking forward to lunch.

            Down one alley we finally found a café that took pity on us Americans and served us lunch even though they were about to close. It felt good to sit as we’d been wandering around the city for about four hours.

            I remarked, “I don’t know about you gals, but since we’re not biking today I’m going to have a glass of wine. I’m in France, eating lunch at a sidewalk café on a picturesque cobblestone alley, and this picture needs a little wine to make it complete.”  It was a good choice!

            One does not visit France and expect to find low fat anything, skim milk, cold coke, iced tea, or many other things we take for granted. Diet one does not! You can expect to give your arteries a good jolt with flakey butter-rich pastries, wonderful cheeses, real cream, whole milk, good French bread, and all kinds of fish. I just hoped the good extremely reasonably-priced wines would counteract any adverse affects. My motto was to relax and enjoy. We did!

GREYFRIARS BOBBY and OTHER TALES

       A Faithful Dog and Other Tales

In the Edinburgh Castle bookstore I bought a book about this wonderful dog for my grandchildren. From the castle we walked down the Royal Mile as we both wanted to give the little bronze dog a pat of good luck.

On our city tour the local docent told us, “The statue of a little dog is one of the most photographed statues in the city. The little Skye Terrier was the dog of an Edinburgh policeman known as a bobby. For five years he accompanied his master all over the city on his rounds. Then the policeman died. The gates to the cemetery proclaimed NO DOGS, and the gates were shut the day of the funeral before the little dog could get through them.

“Each day after the one o’clock cannon firing at the castle the little dog walked to the coffeehouse his master often frequented. He continued to be  given a few scrapes to eat. Then he would return to the cemetery where he went to guard his master’s grave. After the first day when the cemetery caretaker saw him he realized the dog was Greyfriars Bobby and ignored the no dogs rule. Every day after that for ten years the little dog would repeat this routine. Often on very cold winter nights a caring person would give him shelter in their home. When the little dog died thirteen years later, an exception was made to allow him to be buried beside his master.”

We stopped to admire the policeman’s faithful friend and of course took advantage of the photo op.

Continuing our walk we window shopped, listened to pipers, and watched mimes. When we reached the Deacon Brodie Pub we stepped inside to admire the lovely ceiling. Brodie, the son of a cabinetmaker, was born on Brodie Close.  The wealthy pious citizen was elected to Deacon Counselor in 1781, but at night he was a gambler and thief.  When working he carried a wax plug in his pocket and pressed impressions of client’s keys into it. Then when he knew the residents were not home, he used a newly made key to enter their home to steal jewelry and money. Eventually he was caught and hanged at St. Giles in 1788. In a twist of fate he was hung by a gallows, which he had improved upon. Both his birthplace and death place are close to the tavern named for him.

One afternoon as a break from sight-seeing we rode a local bus out to the zoo. Unexpectantly we entered the zoo a couple minutes before a penguin parade was to start. We joined the crowd to watch as several attendants walked between the spectators and the penguins. Many little penguins strutted around in orderly fashion just as if they knew they were on display. It was a sweet bonus to the end of a busy day.