Wednesday, March 31, 2010

Birds Everywhere

GOONIES
When I arrived at Midway Island , 1200 miles across the Pacific Ocean from Hawaii, I knew nothing about a gooney bird other than people thought they were a crazy bird  They got their nickname from the often crazy landings they make, but they are actually the Laysan Albatross. Rather awkward on land, they are beautiful and graceful in flight.

The gooney bird mates for life, and every late October/early November returns to the same spot to wait its mate’s return. With a 6 ½ foot wing span they weigh 7-8 pounds. Unlike other albatross who feed during the day, the Laysan gooney is a night feeder. Albatross are synchronous breeders. As seabirds, they live and feed at sea. A small hole on each side of their beak allows the bird to excrete salt.

Mama lays a single ½ pound egg in early December. Dad immediately begins to incubate the egg while Mama goes to sea to feed for a couple of weeks. When she returns to take over the sitting duties, Dad leaves to feed. This alternating behavior goes on for 60 days, until the chick hatches.

It takes both parents to raise the chick. If one parent dies, the chick dies. Both parents continue to alternate going to sea to feed the chick. A chick taps the beak of the parent to stimulate regurgitation, then places its beak inside that of the parent catching every single drop. The chick is ready to fledge at 5 months and goes to sea for 3-5 years before returning to find a mate of his own.

Twenty percent of the chicks die before fledging and 7-10 % of the fledging chicks are eaten by tiger sharks that come into the lagoon during fledging season just for that reason. The oldest known tagged bird is 43 years old. It is unusual for birds to mate in winter, but the Midway summer is very hot and it is difficult for the birds to stay cool. Their webbed feet are very vascular and the birds thermo-regulate through them by sitting on the backs of their feet with the webbed toes off the ground.
The mating ritual is fascinating to watch. The gooney makes many different noises. The most common are the clacking of their beaks and sky pointing called sky mooing--- and they really do sound like a cow.

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