Facundo Bacardi Masso, a Spanish merchant, was born in Stiges, Catalonia in 1814, and with brothers emigrated to Cuba in 1830. Santiago de Cuba, a prosperous trading town at the beginning of the 19th century, attracted the four Bacardi brothers, the sons of a stonemason. Catalans had a reputation for being good tradesmen, so here they worked hard to establish a shop selling everyday goods, and they prospered.
But in 1852, a series of earthquakes
destroyed Santiago’s entire infrastructure, bringing public life and trading to
a halt. Then a cholera epidemic forced the young family to temporarily return
to Spain. When Facundo and his wife returned to Santiago, they left their young
son, Emilio, with a trusted friend in Spain
In the 1850s Facundo, after a failed
business, turned his attention to making rum. Cuban sugar cane plantations were
flourishing due to the favorable climate, and all possessed small distilleries
in which produced Aquardiente, a
primitive form of rum made from
molasses, a waste product of sugar processing. Cheaply made, rum was not
considered a refined drink, was used mostly medicinally and rarely sold in
upscale taverns.
Don Facundo began attempting to tame rum by isolating a proprietary
strain of yeast, still used in Bacardi production, giving Bacardi rum its
unique flavor. After experimenting he and a partner hit upon filtering the rum
through tropical woods and broken coconut shells to remove impurities. To mellow the drink the rum was aged in
white oak barrels, resulting in the world’s first clear or white rum.
Moving from the experimental stage
to a more commercial endeavor, they set up shop in 1862 in a Santiago de Cuba distillery that housed a copper and cast iron stil. Fruit bats lived in the rafters of that building. The bats were left alone to do their
thing as legend said bats were good luck.
When the first year of the white rum was more successful than anticipated
Bacardi adapted bats as their logo. As shown the bat symbol has changed five
times since 1862, the most recent change in 2012.
Bacardi’s success
influenced a whole new category of spirits, and Bacardi Limited remains the largest privately held,
family-owned spirits company in the world.
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